CSE Vancouver/Citation-Name: End References

1. Formatting the References Page
2. End Reference Entries
   1. Vancouver Style (Citation-Sequence)
   2. Citation-Name System
3. Abbreviating Journal Titles

Formatting the References Page

1. Include a references page on a separate sheet of paper
2. Centre the title References; other acceptable titles include Cited References, Literature Cited, or Bibliography
3. Double space the entire list
4. Indent the hanging line(s) of each citation (0.5" or 1.27 cm). The first line of a reference should be flush with the left hand margin, with all subsequent lines in that reference should be indented by half an inch.

End Reference Entries

Vancouver Style

For the Vancouver style, the references on the references page are numbered and ordered within the list in the sequence in which they first appear in the text.

For example, if a reference to Schaefer is the first one you mention in the text, then the complete reference to the Schaefer work will be number 1 on the end reference list. Use the same number for subsequent in-text references to the same work.    

Example:

1. Schaefer, JA. Towards maturation of the population concept. Oikos 2006;112(1):236-240.

Citation-Name System

For the Citation-Name style, the references on the references page are arranged alphabetically by author. Then each reference entry is numbered, so that your first work, say by Armstrong, is number 1, then Burton is number 2, etc.

These numbers assigned to the end references are used for the in-text references regardless of the order in which they appear in the text of the work.

For example, if a work by Schaefer is the first work you mention in your essay, the in-text superscript number might be 8. Use the same number for subsequent in-term references to the same document.

For this method, you must compile your references list first, before assigning numbers in the text of your paper.

Example:

8. Schaefer, JA. Towards maturation of the population concept. Oikos 2006;112(1):236-240.

Find details on creating reference entries for different sources in the Vancouver and Citation-Name Styles:

• CSE Vancouver: Citing Periodicals
• CSE Vancouver: Citing Books
• CSE Vancouver: Citing Other Sources

Abbreviating Journal Titles

CSE uses discipline-specific methods of abbreviating journal titles or, alternatively, rules for abbreviating journal titles such as outlined by the National Library of Medicine (NLM).

Examples

Journal of Chemical Education: J. Chem. Educ.

Radiological Society of North America: Radiology

CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics: CNS Neurosci Ther