Course Listing

Covers commonly-used statistical tools in Biology, Geography, and Environmental & Resource Science. Lectures address basic statistical methods and background theory. Workshops involve computer-based assignments providing practical experience in statistical application. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 1030H, GEOG-EGEO 1040H, or GEOG 1050H; or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H; or both BIOL 1020H and 1030H; or BIOM 1000H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2080H, BIOL-2080H

Introduces the fundamentals of GIS technology and applications. The essentials of GIS structural components, spatial data models, and the analytical GIS operations on such data models are examined in detail. Experience with GIS analysis is gained through laboratory exercises. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 1030H or 1040H or 1050H; or ERSC 1000Y; or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H; or both BIOL 1020H and 1030H. Elementary or intermediate-level experience with microcomputers and their operating systems is desirable.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2090H, EGEO-2090H

An introductory overview of water issues and related policies in Canada and internationally. Surveys the key interest groups and factors that shape conflicts over water protection and allocation, as well as policy responses, including infrastructure, regulatory, and economic tools that are employed by national,provincial, and local agencies. Prerequisite: ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y). Excludes WASC 2000H.

Cross-listed: WASC-2120H, GEOG-2120H

An examination of the physical causes of a variety of extreme geophysical events, risk estimation and perception, and the societal approaches adopted to adjust to natural hazards. The course concentrates on climate-related natural hazards (e.g. hurricanes, droughts, floods), but also examines other geophysical events such as earthquakes. Prerequisite: ERSC 1010H or GEOG 1040H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2180H, EGEO-2180H

Theory and methods for assessing the impacts of contaminants and related stressors in the environment. Emphasized are environmental chemistry and the nature, mobility, and potential impacts of pollutants. Students who have taken CHEM 1000H and 1010H and achieved a grade of at least 70% are exempt from the requirement to take ERSC 2220H. Prerequisite: ERSC-CLIM 1050H or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y). Excludes ERSC 2210H.

Theory and application of sampling design, data analysis, and monitoring for environmental assessment of effluent impacts, particularly of industry, municipalities, and agriculture. Prerequisite: ERSC 2220H or both CHEM 1000H and 1010H. Excludes ERSC 2210H.

Field survey design, techniques, and theory for the assessment of natural resources, including consideration of watershed and local scales, biotic indices, soils, hydrology, and policy/legal issues. Prerequisite: ERSC 1010H and either ERSC 1020H or GEOG 1040H. Excludes ERSC 2210H.

An examination of the interactions between organisms and their environment at the levels of the population, community, and ecosystem. Covers basic concepts, theories, and methods used in ecology and the application of these to ecological and environmental problems. Prerequisite: 60% or higher in BIOL 1020H.

Cross-listed: BIOL-2260H

A discussion of the scientific principles of energy and thermodynamics, and the current and future prospects for energy production, conversion, storage, and transmission. Prerequisite: ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y).

An exploration of the scientific basis and ecology of agriculture. Abiotic and biotic factors influencing crop productivity, species interactions, energetics, nutrient cycling, cropping systems management and landscape diversity are considered. Traditional, conventional, and intense systems are reviewed in the context of sustainability. Prerequisite: BIOL 1020H or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H. Recommended: SAFS 1001H, BIOL 1030H. Excludes ERSC-SAFS 3350H.

Cross-listed: SAFS-2350H, BIOL-2350H

Environmental geology examines the interactions between society and the geologic environment. This course begins with an introduction to the fundamental geologic processes and Earth materials, and then focuses on the most pressing geological issues of today, including fossil fuel and mineral extraction, natural hazards, climate change, water resources, and waste disposal. Prerequisite: GEOG 1040H. Excludes GEOG 2400Y.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2401H

Uses case studies to examine the principles and processes that control the distribution and uses of water at global, continental, and watershed scales. Prerequisite: GEOG 1040H and one of GEOG 1030H or ERSC 1000Y or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2530H, WASC-2530H

Exposes the main chemical principles that govern environmental processes in natural waters such as rivers, lakes, estuaries, and oceans. Includes the chemical composition of aquatic systems and the behaviour of aqueous pollutants such as metals and pesticides. Prerequisite: CHEM 1000H and 1010H. Recommended: CHEM-ERSC 2610H. Excludes CHEMERSC 2600Y.

Cross-listed: CHEM-2620H

The science behind environmental issues that are primarily biological in nature, including biodiversity, habitat loss, invasive species, and toxicity. Intended for prospective educators, natural area interpreters, and environmental communicators. Prerequisite: 5.0 university credits. Not for credit toward a major or minor in Biology. Excludes ERSC-BIOL 2700Y.

Cross-listed: EDUC-2701H, BIOL-2701H

The science behind environmental issues that are primarily physical or chemical in nature, including energy conservation, global warming, and air and water pollution. Intended for prospective educators, nature interpreters, and others interested in working with the public on environmental stewardship and sustainability initiatives. Prerequisite: 5.0 university credits; ERSC-BIOL 2701H highly recommended. Not for credit toward a major or minor in Biology. Excludes ERSC-BIOL 2700Y.

Cross-listed: EDUC-2702H, BIOL-2702H

An interdisciplinary enquiry into the function and idea of the land in Canadian traditions. Themes may include Aboriginal rights, settlement, sources of land law, post-colonialism, regionalism, urban/rural conflict over natural resource extraction and waste disposal, sustainability, environmental racism, energy, climate change, and representations of land and landscape in literature and the visual arts. Prerequisite: 3.0 university credits. Students may take only one of CAST-ERST-GEOG-INDG 2040Y or 2041H for credit.

Cross-listed: CAST-2041H, GEOG-2041H, INDG-2041H

This course meets the Indigenous Course Requirement.

In an age of economic dysfunction, social injustice, climate change, and myriad other impasses, this course investigates modes of knowing 'the land' in Canadian society that includes understandings that balance the pragmatic, objective, rational, and technological in relation to contemplative, creative, and emotional facets of human being. Prerequisite: 3.0 university credits. Excludes CAST-ERST-GEOG-INDG 2040Y.

Cross-listed: CAST-2042H, GEOG-2042H, INDG-2042H

This course meets the Indigenous Course Requirement.

The roles of science in current environmental controversies. Topics examine science and environmental ethics, the application of science to natural resource management, the contribution of science to action on international environmental problems such as climate change, and the role of science in making decisions about environmental risks. Prerequisite: 1.0 ERSC or POST credit at the 1000 level.

Cross-listed: POST-2100H

Explores the history, theoretical foundations, and practices of environmental and ecologically attuned art, ranging from 1960s-70s "Earthworks" to place-based and ephemeral eco-art to current bioremedial and trash art. Students create their own "eco" artworks, learning techniques such as pigment-making from local plants, found object sculpture, and weaving using invasive species. Prerequisite: 4.0 university credits.

Cross-listed: CUST-2114H

Explores the lands and environments that define the Circumpolar region and identifies the key issues involving interaction between humans and their environments, examining climate change and its impacts on landscapes, biodiversity, and ecological systems. Provides a broad foundation for the study of circumpolar peoples, economies, landscapes, communities, and adaptation to climate change.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2320H

Provides students with an in-depth understanding of the key issues which define the future of resources and resource use in the Circumpolar North. Focuses upon the challenges of resource management for governments and communities, and assesses the potential conflicts derived from resource use. Prerequisite: GEOG 1045H and GEOG-ERST 2320H, or permission of the instructor.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2330H

Focuses on social science methods used in geographical and environmental research contexts. Methods examined include surveys, content analysis, interviews, focus groups, participatory action research, and community-based research. Prerequisite: ERSC 1000Y or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H; or minimum of 60% in GEOG 1030H and in one of GEOG 1040H or 1050H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2510H

Canadian natural resource management is examined with attention to the context within which management occurs, and the requirement to address different interests, understandings, and issues. Prerequisite: ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y).

Cross-listed: CAST-2520H

The context of market theory and ecological/resource economics is used to provide environmental students with experience in critical thinking. Objectives are to understand the framework of political economy, particularly Canadian, that informs contemporary political and economic practice, and to master basic elements of critical research and writing. Prerequisite: ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y); or 1.0 PHIL credit; or POST 1001H and 1002H (or 1000Y).

Cross-listed: CAST-2525H

Explores Indigenous worldviews, environmental philosophies, and cultural values through exposure to the perspectives of Indigenous Elders, community people, political leaders, academics, activists, and scholars. Students are introduced to Indigenous knowledge as it pertains to the natural environment. Prerequisite: 4 university credits.

Cross-listed: INDG-2601Y, IESS-2601Y

This course meets the Indigenous Course Requirement.

An examination of selected works through a focus on the natural environment, including non-human forms of life. Studies examples of nature and environmental writing, but also brings ecocritical perspectives to a wide range of texts through discussions of the wilderness, gardens, waste, nature, culture, and other topics. Prerequisite: 4.0 university credits. Excludes ENGL 3705H.

Cross-listed: ENGL-2705H

Cities are dynamic and contradictory spaces. Focusing on the lived spaces of the city, the course explores the ideologies, practices, and geographical processes shaping the transformation of cities. Special attention is made to integrate urban theory with the everyday uses of urban space. Prerequisite: GEOG 1030H, ERSC 1010H, SOCI 1002H, or both ECON 1010H and 1020H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-2710H, CAST-2710H

An introduction to the scientific basis of agriculture and an exploration of the environmental implications of agriculture. Topics include agricultural ecology, soil and moisture management, nutrient management, pest management, energy consumption in the agricultural sector, and the impact on agriculture of ambient environmental conditions, including air pollution and climate change. Prerequisite: ERSC 2220H and 2240H. Excludes SAFS-ERSC 2002H.

Cross-listed: SAFS-3002H

Students learn essential field skills including designing a field study, mapping, and measurement techniques. The geology of Central Ontario and its mining industry are examined along with the potential for environmental impacts. Most instruction takes place during required field trips with students documenting their work in technical reports. Prerequisite: EGEO-GEOG 2001H or GEOG-ERSC 2401H or permission of instructor. Excludes EGEO-ERSC-GEOG 2000H.

Cross-listed: EGEO-3003H, GEOG-3003H

Focuses on Geographical Information Systems and analysis in the vector data domain (discrete object representation). It examines the fundamentals of spatial database development and the main analytical operations in vector. Practical application through laboratory exercises with examples from the urban and rural environment is a major component. Prerequisite: ERSC-GEOG-BIOL 2080H and ERSC-GEOG 2090H. Not open to students in the GIS Application Specialist Joint Program with Fleming College. Typically offered every other year.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3010H

Introduces the science, technology, and environmental applications of Remote Sensing of a host of environmental variables whether locally, regionally, continentally, or globally. Knowledge about the manner, process, and timing of data capture, processing, and their interpretation for specific purposes are imperatives in modern environmental assessment and monitoring. Prerequisite: GEOG-ERSC 2090H or permission of instructor. Typically offered every other year.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3020H

Examines critically and constructively community-based management of natural resources. Explores the topic of self-regulation and co-management by resource interest groups, drawing on cases from fisheries, forestry, wildlife, and integrated sectors. Traditional and developmental approaches are contrasted. Prerequisite: 1.0 ERSC or ERST credit at the 2000 level or beyond.

Offers an appreciation of the problems in managing forest ecosystems. Looks at the ecological processes which create and maintain forests and at how foresters attempt to manage them, and the environmental consequences of forestry practices; then examines case studies drawn from Ontario and other parts of the world. Prerequisite: ERSC-BIOL 2260H or ERSC 2210H or 2240H.

Barbados, like many islands in the West Indies, is facing a variety of challenges, such as overfishing, pollution, and loss of coral reefs and other habitats. This field course introduces students to the challenges faced by Barbados and other islands, as well as potential solutions. This ERSC course may be taken as ERST with the permission of the instructor. Students pay a course fee in addition to travel costs. Prerequisite: ERSC 2230H (2210H) or ERST-CAST 2520H or IDST 2000Y.

Cross-listed: IDST-3230H, ERST-3230H

Exploration of the scientific basis and practical need for biomonitoring frames the field application of biomonitoring protocols for community clients in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Prerequisite: ERSC 2240H or 2230H or equivalent or ERSC-BIOL 2260H.

Cross-listed: BIOL-3260H

Focuses on farming methods and requirements for organic production. The importance of ecological processes, biodiversity, rotation, and organic amendments in organic crop production will be discussed. The standards, certification, packaging, and diversity of markets for organic foods will be emphasized. Mandatory field trips to organic farms. Field trip fee: 30. Prerequisite: SAFS 1001H (2001H) and ERSC-SAFS 2350H.

Cross-listed: SAFS-3370H, BIOL-3370H

Examines current theoretical and applied problems in ecology. Emphasis is placed on developing problemsolving skills, critical evaluation of ecological studies, modelling, and an in-depth look at recent advances in theories and laboratory and field techniques used in solving problems in individual, population, community, and ecosystem ecology. Prerequisite: 8.0 university credits including 60% or higher in each of BIOL-ERSC 2260H and an additional 0.5 credit at the 2000 level in BIOL, BIOC, or ERSC.

Cross-listed: BIOL-3380H

A focus on the causes and consequences of reductions to biodiversity and the strategies to counterbalance these reductions from both their biological and human dimensions. Prerequisite: 8.0 university credits including 60% or higher in each of 0.5 BIOL credit at the 2000 level and 0.5 additional credit at the 2000 level in BIOL or ERSC. Strongly recommended: BIOL-ERSC 2260H. Not open to students with credit for BIOL-ERSC 4390H.

Cross-listed: BIOL-3391H

Theory and practice of chromatography, sampling, and quality control. Particular emphasis is placed on applications in environmental analysis. Prerequisite: CHEM 2400H.

Cross-listed: CHEM-3400H, FRSC-3400H

Modern analytical spectroscopic instrumentation, techniques, and application to the analysis of organic, inorganic, and biochemical contaminants with a particular focus on the forensic and environmental fields. Prerequisite: CHEM 2400H. Strongly recommended: CHEM 2100H and 2110H.

Cross-listed: CHEM-3410H, FRSC-3410H

The sources, distribution, and impacts of atmospheric pollution in urban and rural environments are discussed. Explores atmospheric monitoring, backtrajectory analysis, trends, and meteorology in assessing atmospheric pollution. Emphasis is on using Canadian monitoring data to investigate environmental air pollution. Prerequisite: ERSC 2230H or both CHEM 1000H and 1010H.

This course examines human influence on the climate system and future changes to the climate system, and assesses the impacts of climate change on our physical and biological world. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 2460H, 3440H, or CLIM 1050H, and one of ERSC-BIOL-GEOG 2080H or CLIM-GEOG 2050H. Equivalent to GEOG 3410H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3470H, CLIM-3470H

Involves intensive first-hand study of wetland ecosystems in natural and culturally degraded states. Wetlands occur at the interface of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Wetland management thus requires understanding of overlapping ecological processes and management practices common to most of Canada. Field trip fee: 30. Prerequisite: ERSC-BIOL 2260H or ERSC 2240H or 2210H or both ERST-CAST 2520H and 2525H.

The ecological and human health effects of environmental contaminants are examined as they relate to water, air, and soil pollution. Emphasis is on science but social issues are also addressed. Knowledge of biology and chemistry is useful. Prerequisite: One of ERSC 2210H, 2230H, 2240H, or ERSC-BIOL 2260H. Excludes ERSC 3550Y, 3570H, 3580H.

Soil is at the heart of terrestrial ecosystems. A sound understanding of soil science is necessary for physical geography, environmental science, engineering, and agriculture. This course describes the mechanisms of soil formation and the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils, as well as current issues in soil science. Prerequisite: 9.0 university credits including one of ERSC 2240H, GEOG 2400Y, 2401H, 2540H, 2560H, or 3520H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3560H, SAFS-3560H, EGEO-3560H

Focuses on the parameters controlling the natural water chemistry in surface and subsurface systems. These key processes involve chemical reactions and kinetics, pH control of equilibria, chemical speciation and photochemical processes. Combines theory and environmental applications. Prerequisite: CHEM-ERSC 2620H (or 2600Y); and either CHEM 2400H or both ERSC 2220H and 2230H. Recommended: CHEM-ERSC 3600H.

Cross-listed: CHEM-3610H

Soils represent one of the most important natural resources from the point of view of sustainable agriculture and forestry, and protection of habitat. This course explores the scientific basis and management options for conservation of soil resources. Prerequisite: ERSC 2210H or ERSC 2240H or GEOG 2400Y or GEOG 2401H or GEOG 3520H or both GEOG 2540H and 2560H. Recommended: ERSC-GEOG-SAFS 3560H.

Cross-listed: SAFS-3650H, GEOG-3650H

Focuses on the concepts and methods used by archaeologists to investigate the long-term interactions between humans and the environment. Explores the wide diversity of approaches (geomorphology, paleobotany, archaeozoology, paleoentomology, and isotopic analyses) developed over the years in order to sharpen our understanding of past human- environment dynamics. Prerequisite: ANTH 1001H or both 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y); or ERSC 1010 and 1020H (or 1000Y); or permission of instructor. Excludes ANTH 3520Y.

Cross-listed: ANTH-3680H

Introduces students to the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties of organic and inorganic toxicants in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Students are also introduced to the principles of contaminant modelling as tools for predicting the fate and toxic effects of contaminants in the environment. Prerequisite: BIOL 1020H and 1030H; and ERSC 2230H or 2210H or 1.0 CHEM credit at the 1000 level. Excludes ERSC 3700Y, 3750H.

Focuses on examining the impacts of chemical contaminants on human health, as well as the effects of exposure to contaminants on organisms and ecosystems. The course is organized into a case history format. Students are also introduced to the principles of ecological risk assessment. Prerequisite: ERSC 3701H. Excludes ERSC 3700Y, 3750H.

Provides an introduction to the processes of environmental health risk/benefit assessment, management, perception, and communication and their application to addressing environmental health issues in Indigenous communities. Students are introduced to the processes used by communities to understand and address environmental and public health issues in the communities today. This course may be taken as a science credit by successfully undertaking an appropriate technical assignment. Prerequisite: ERSC/ERST-IESS-INDG 3731H. Excludes ERSC/ERST-IESS-INDG 3730Y.

This course examines the links between economic activity and environmental degradation. Topics include the valuation of environmental amenities, the use of incentives in regulation, the economics and environmental effects of market failure and the rationale for government intervention. Prerequisite: ECON 1010H and one of ECON 1020H, MATH 1005H, or MATH 1051H, or permission of instructor. Excludes ECON - ERST 381H.

Cross-listed: ECON-3810H

Students are placed in research projects with community organizations in the Peterborough or Haliburton area. Each placement is supervised jointly by a faculty member and a representative of a community organization. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits and a minimum cumulative average of 75%. For details see Community-Based Research Program (p. 265).

Spring and summer courses are offered through the Ontario Universities Program in Field Biology. Prerequisite: A minimum cumulative average of 60%.

A placement experience with a government agency, industry, or non-governmental agency, or related laboratory or work unit, on themes and principles learned during coursework associated with the Environmental & Resource Science/Studies, Geography, or Sustainable Agriculture & Food Systems programs in the School of the Environment. Students work closely with the instructor and placement host to determine deliverables that will be presented to various stakeholders as technical report(s) and/or presentation(s). Prerequisite: A minimum cumulative average of 75% and 9.0 university credits including both ERSC 1010H and 1020H, or both GEOG 1030H and 1040H, or both SAFS 1001H and 1002H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3890H, SAFS-3890H

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors with at least 2.0 ERSC/ERST credits with a minimum grade of 75%. Written permission must be obtained from the supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors with at least 2.0 ERSC/ERST credits with a minimum grade of 75%. Written permission must be obtained from the supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

An exploration of the professional and social aspects of environmental and resource sciences and studies through applied problems and projects. Students are introduced to environmental professionals from government, non-profit organizations, and corporations. Students develop professional leadership skills by working in small groups to address a meaningful environmental problem. Prerequisite: 1.0 credit from ERSC 2220H, 2230H, ERST 2240H, 2510H, 2520H, or 2525H.

Changes and tensions in green politics from the environmentalism of the 1960s to the advent of "many environmentalisms." What does it mean to be "green," what kind of political stance do green concerns call for, and indeed, what does green politics say about the very meaning of "politics"? Prerequisite: 1.0 POST or ERST credit or permission of instructor.

Cross-listed: POST-3030H

A number of extreme weather events across Canada and around the world, this course acknowledges climate change as the defining existential and ecological challenge of the twenty-first century. Prerequisite: CAST-ERST-GEOG-INDG 2041H or 2042H.

Cross-listed: CAST-3041H, GEOG-3041H

An examination of shifting ideas of nature and wilderness in the work of a number of contemporary Canadian artist-thinkers. Special emphasis is placed on ecological literacy, or in learning to read the land as an "ultra-primary" text. Prerequisite: 9.0 university credits.

Cross-listed: CAST-3042H, GEOG-3042H

Examines ways to address the wastes handled in the municipal waste management system. It includes residential, commercial, institutional, and nonhazardous industrial waste. The philosophy underlying this course is the transformation from a waste management approach to a resource management approach, where "wastes" are seen as "valuable used materials." Prerequisite: 1.0 ERSC or ERST credit at the 2000 level or beyond. Excludes ERST 3080Y.

Environmental impact assessment brings together scientific, economic, social, and political perspectives in an attempt to anticipate and manage environmental impacts. This course examines different approaches to environmental assessment, contrasting federal with provincial and social with biophysical. Prerequisite: 9 university credits including 1.0 ERSC or ERST credit at the 2000 level or beyond.

An interdisciplinary inquiry into how environmental policies in Canada are developed, implemented, and improved, applying political, economic, legal, scientific, Indigenous, and moral perspectives. Focus is on federal, provincial, and municipal contexts, recognizing that the environment does not respect jurisdictions. Topics include energy and materials use, biodiversity, toxic substances, waste management, and land use. Prerequisite: 1.0 ERST, CAST, POST, or ADMN credit at the 2000 level or beyond. Excludes ERST-CAST-POST 3100Y.

Cross-listed: POST-3120H, CAST-3120H, FRSC-3120H

Barbados, like many islands in the West Indies, is facing a variety of challenges, such as overfishing, pollution, and loss of coral reefs and other habitats. This field course introduces students to the challenges faced by Barbados and other islands, as well as potential solutions. This ERSC course may be taken as ERST with the permission of the instructor. Students pay a course fee in addition to travel costs. Prerequisite: ERSC 2230H (2210H) or ERST-CAST 2520H or IDST 2000Y.

Cross-listed: ERSC-3230H, IDST-3230H

A comprehensive overview of environmental law in Canada, examining the key environmental laws and policies at the provincial, federal, and international levels. Prerequisite: 9 university credits including ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y).

Cross-listed: FRSC-3250H

Provides a consideration of the moral dimensions of human/nonhuman relationships. We critically examine a range of systems of thought that address such ethical questions, including deep ecology, ecofeminism, Indigenous perspectives, and animal rights, with specific cases on each philosophical orientation. Deals explicitly with the ethical dimensions of ecological restoration. Prerequisite: 1.0 ERST or PHIL credit at the 2000 level or beyond. Excludes ERST 3300Y.

Cross-listed: PHIL-3301H

Provides an introduction to animal studies. Topics considered include the constructed divide between humans and non-human animals, societies' use of animals-for food, clothing, entertainment, companionship, research-and the implications of these relationships. The course will also discuss animal rights, animal protection, and posthumanist perspectives. Prerequisite: 1.0 ERST or PHIL credit at the 2000 level or beyond.

Cross-listed: PHIL-3302H, SAFS-3302H

Examines the recent development of ecological risk assessment and its relationship to political ecology, complexity, and communication. A variety of cultural and social themes are considered, including critical ecological theory, ecological restoration as professional practice, and the implications for political ethics. Prerequisite: 9 university credits including 0.5 ERSC or ERST credit at the 2000 level or beyond. Excludes ERSC/ERST 3310Y.

An overview of the fundamental theoretical and applied components of protected area management, including the history, planning, and management of parks and protected areas with a focus on Canadian federal, provincial, territorial and Indigenous contexts. Lectures, case studies, seminars and assignments engage students in the exploration of current protected area topics and issues. Prerequisite: GEOG 2310H or GEOG-CAST-ERST-INDG 2040Y or 2041H or 2042H or both ERST-CAST 2520H and 2525H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3330H, CAST-3330H

The history of Canada's food and agricultural system is the backdrop to this interdisciplinary course on community development of the system's social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Production, distribution, processing, consumption, and regulatory issues are addressed. Community-based research projects are undertaken with local food and agricultural organizations. Field trip fee: 5. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits. Recommended: CAST-ERST-GEOG-INDG 2040Y, IDST-ANTH-GEOG-SAFS-SOCI 2500H, and SAFS-IDST-ANTH 2600H (IDST-ANTH 2210Y).

Cross-listed: SAFS-3341H, CAST-3341H, SOCI-3341H

Develops a basic appreciation of the most important contemporary challenges surrounding governance and politics, social issues, education and knowledge systems, and global issues in the circumpolar regions of the North. It explores the complexity and inter-relatedness of governance, social policy, gender, indigeneity, and law.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3390H

Intended to develop skills for the oral and visual presentation of scientific information to interdisciplinary non-expert audiences. Students work with real scientific data to design and present the findings. Prerequisite: 9 university credits including ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y), and 3.0 additional science credits.

This course brings students into current debates and evolving techniques of communicating climate and environmental science to a variety of social groups and cultural contexts. Students learn best practices and complete projects in rhetoric, data visualization, and journalistic reporting on both the physical and social sciences. No prior scientific background is required. Prerequisite: 9.0 university credits including ERSC 1010H and 1020H.

Examines how climate change comes to matter within different social groups, to different degrees of urgency. Examines how climate as an everyday concern is mobilized or elided across racial, classed, and subcultural contexts as well as how a more diverse climate movement might productively reframe the issue. Prerequisite: 4.0 university credits.

Cross-listed: CUST-3590H

Examines environmental issues and conflicts in developing countries, applying a critical political ecology perspective to a range of current topics, including oil production, biodiversity conservation, and resource conflicts. There is also a special focus on agriculture and food systems. Prerequisite: IDST 2000Y or ERST-POST 2100H or ERST-CAST 2520H or POST 2200Y. Excludes ERST-IDST-POST 3601Y.

Cross-listed: SAFS-3602H, POST-3602H, IDST-3602H

Explores water-related Indigenous Knowledges within the Great Lakes basin, and water-related environmental issues impacting Indigenous communities and Nations within this region. Also explores complexities of water governance involving First Nations, Tribes, provinces, states, Canada, and the United States. Course content is presented through lectures, workshops, and applied in case studies. Prerequisite: INDG-ERST-IESS 2601Y or both IESS 1001H and INDG 2100H; or permission of the instructor.

Cross-listed: IESS-3604H, INDG-3604H

Examines a wide range of contemporary environmental issues, conflicts and solutions in the context of Indigenous peoples and territories. Studies examine issues at local, provincial, and national levels, highlighting the multi-dimensional perspectives of Indigenous peoples in North America. Prerequisite: One of INDG 1001H, INDG 1002H (or INDG 1000Y), IESS 1001H, INDG-ERST-IESS 2601Y, or INDG-ERST-IESS 3632H; or permission of instructor. Excludes INDG-ERST 3630Y.

Cross-listed: INDG-3631H, IESS-3631H

Explores the international dimensions of Indigenous Environmental Studies (IES) and examines a wide range of contemporary environmental issues, conflicts, and solutions in the context of Indigenous peoples and territories throughout the Americas and worldwide. Prerequisite: One of INDG 1001H, INDG 1002H (or INDG 1000Y), IESS 1001H, INDG-ERST-IESS 2601Y, or INDG-ERST-IESS 3631H; or permission of instructor. Excludes INDG-ERST 3630Y.

Cross-listed: INDG-3632H, IESS-3632H

Provides students with the opportunity for selfdirected research that examines the food systems of Indigenous peoples. Students explore a wide range of historical and contemporary food systems practices and issues that impact Indigenous communities and their connections to the ecosystems that support them. Recommended course for the program in Indigenous Environmental Studies/Science. Course fee: 35. Prerequisite: INDG-ERST 2601Y; or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H (or 1000Y), or 10.0 university credits and permission of instructor.

Cross-listed: INDG-3634H, SAFS-3634H, IESS-3634H

Examines the main planning principles which govern the economic, social, and physical development of cities and regions. Topics to be covered include national, provincial, regional, and municipal policies and their impact on urban and rural systems; historical development of planning in North America; and planning in North America; and planning as a profession. Prerequisite: GEOG-CAST-ERST 2710H. Equivalent to GEOG-CAST 3710H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3711H, CAST-3711H

This interdisciplinary course is designed to explore critical and practical perspectives on urban environments. The theme of water and infrastructure networks (i.e., canals, rivers, waterfronts) guides a critical exploration of the historical and symbolic dimensions of our built environment and the eco-future of our urban spaces. Prerequisite: One of GEOG-CAST 2710H, GEOG-CAST-ERST- INDG 2040Y, 2041H, or 2042H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3720H, CAST-3720H

Provides an introduction to the multidisciplinary field of environmental health and its application to understanding health among Indigenous peoples. Students gain an understanding of the concepts, theories, and methods used in environmental health. This course may be taken as a science credit by successfully undertaking an appropriate technical assignment. Prerequisite: One of ERSC 2240H or ERST-INDG 2601Y or ERSC-INDG 2150H; or NURS 1000H, 1002H, and 1010H. Excludes ERSC/ERST-IESS-INDG 3730Y.

Cross-listed: IESS-3731H, INDG-3731H

Provides an introduction to the processes of environmental health risk/benefit assessment, management, perception, and communication and their application to addressing environmental health issues in Indigenous communities. Students are introduced to the processes used by communities to understand and address environmental and public health issues in the communities today. This course may be taken as a science credit by successfully undertaking an appropriate technical assignment. Prerequisite: ERSC/ERST-IESS-INDG 3731H. Excludes ERSC/ERST-IESS-INDG 3730Y.

Cross-listed: IESS-3732H, INDG-3732H

Designed around a term-long research project, this course explores themes such as tourism, built heritage, and post-industrial design associated with the production of craft beer. Students learn how to examine land-use patterns, built form, and branding techniques in one locale. Emphasis is placed on in-class participation and experiential learning. Prerequisite: GEOG-ERST 2510H, GEOG- CAST 2710H, SAFS 1001H or ADMN 2080H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3760H, CAST-3760H, SAFS-3760H, ADMN-3760H

Introduces students to the economic theory of renewable resources in the Canadian social, political, and regulatory context, and also to professional project planning and management. Students are introduced to project components such as scoping, scheduling, budgeting, communications, team and risk management, and environmental sustainability. Prerequisite: 1.0 ERST or CAST credit at the 2000 level or beyond.

Cross-listed: CAST-3780H

This course explores the practice of sustainable urban planning though experiential learning. During the field work component, students meet urban planning professionals, research sitespecific planning projects, and apply the tools and methods of urban planning to a project-based final research report. Prerequisite: GEOG-CAST 2710H or permission of the instructor.

Cross-listed: GEOG-3790H

Students are placed in research projects with community organizations in the Peterborough or Haliburton area. Each placement is supervised jointly by a faculty member and a representative of a community organization. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits and a minimum cumulative average of 75%. For details see Community-Based Research Program (p. 265).

A placement experience with a government agency, industry, or non-governmental agency, or related laboratory or work unit, on themes and principles learned during coursework associated with the Environmental & Resource Science/Studies, Geography, or Sustainable Agriculture & Food Systems programs in the School of the Environment. Students work closely with the instructor and placement host to determine deliverables that will be presented to various stakeholders as technical report(s) and/or presentation(s). Prerequisite: A minimum cumulative average of 75% and 9.0 university credits including both ERSC 1010H and 1020H, or both GEOG 1030H and 1040H, or both SAFS 1001H and 1002H.

Cross-listed: ERSC-3890H, GEOG-3890H, SAFS-3890H

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors with at least 2.0 ERSC/ERST credits with a minimum grade of 75%. Written permission must be obtained from the supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors with at least 2.0 ERSC/ERST credits with a minimum grade of 75%. Written permission must be obtained from the supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors with at least 2.0 ERSC/ERST credits with a minimum grade of 75%. Written permission must be obtained from the supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

Design, implementation, and dissemination of a major research project in environmental science or studies featuring independent work under the supervision of a faculty supervisor. ERSC/ERST 4020D is a double credit in ERSC/ERST. ERSC/ERST 4010Y is a single credit because the same thesis is submitted to the other program in a joint-major. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75%. Students must find a faculty member who is agreeable to supervise their project. Applications are available from the TSE office, and should be submitted in the academic year before enrolment in the course.

Design, implementation, and dissemination of a major research project in environmental science or studies featuring independent work under the supervision of a faculty supervisor. ERSC/ERST 4020D is a double credit in ERSC/ERST. ERSC/ERST 4010Y is a single credit because the same thesis is submitted to the other program in a joint-major. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75%. Students must find a faculty member who is agreeable to supervise their project. Applications are available from the TSE office, and should be submitted in the academic year before enrolment in the course.

Theoretical and practical instruction in design of research projects, with emphasis on appropriate statistical methods through the use of the statistical program R. Prerequisite: A minimum overall average of 65% in completed BIOL, BIOC, and/or BIOM courses and 12.0 university credits including 1.0 BIOL and/or ERSC credit at the 3000 level and one of MATH 1052H or BIOL-GEOG-ERSC 2080H.

Cross-listed: BIOL-4030H

Examines the chemistry of freshwater systems. Chemical and physical processes that lead to changes in water quality are discussed. The emphasis is on the concentrations and distributions of contaminants. Topics include watershed contributions of chemicals, acidification and the carbonate system, weathering, redox chemistry, trace materials, and synthetic organic contaminants. Prerequisite: ERSC 2230H or ERSC-CHEM 2620H (or 2600Y).

Cross-listed: BIOL-4060H, GEOG-4060H, EGEO-4060H, WASC-4060H

Discusses approaches to predicting the fate of contaminants in aquatic systems. Basic assumptions and algorithms of fate models for toxic metals and organic xenobiotics are examined and students get hands-on experience in applying recent models to case studies. Prerequisite: ERSC-GEOG-BIOL 4060H.

Cross-listed: BIOL-4070H, GEOG-4070H, EGEO-4070H, WASC-4070H

Using anthropological theory and archaeologicallygenerated data sets, this course explores the characteristics of, and reasons for, the "collapse" of complex societies. The focus is on the last two phases of the "Adaptive Cycle": release and reorganization. Implications for the contemporary world are also discussed. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits or permission of the instructor.

Cross-listed: ANTH-4180H, AHCL-4180H

Using archaeological and environmental theory, and diverse data sets, lectures and student research projects explore human impacts on ancient environments. The focus is on the first two phases of the "Adaptive Cycle": exploitation and conservation. Seminars concentrate on contemporary environmental issues. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits or permission of instructor.

Cross-listed: ANTH-4185H, AHCL-4185H

Principles and practices of fisheries assessment and management, including an examination of management problems in freshwater and marine fisheries from ecological, socio-economic, and policy perspectives. Topics include stock assessment techniques, stocking and fertilization, management of warmwater and coldwater species, and local management initiatives. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including one of ERSC-BIOL 2260H or ERSC 2210H or 2240H. Recommended: One of ERSC 3510H or BIOL 3050H or 3140H. Students who have successfully completed ERST-CAST 2520H and 2525H may take the course, but must be prepared to do additional background reading.

Cross-listed: BIOL-4240H

Examines plant nutrition, soil fertility, and fertilizer management, with a focus on essential macronutrients. Topics include biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulphur in crop production. Sustainable management of nutrients for optimum productivity and minimum impact on the environment will be discussed. Prerequisite: GEOG-ERSC-SAFS 3560H.

Cross-listed: SAFS-4270H, BIOL-4270H, GEOG-4270H

Emphasizes the causes and consequences of global environmental change and their interactions with ecological processes in freshwater ecosystems. Issues such as biodiversity, population growth and water use, global warming, land use, emergent diseases, dams, aquaculture, fisheries, water supply, and sustainability are discussed. Prerequisite: A minimum overall average of 65% in completed BIOL, BIOC, and/or BIOM courses and 12.0 university credits including MATH 1052H, one of BIOL 2000H or BIOL-ERSC 2260H, and 1.0 BIOL and/or ERSC credit at the 3000 level. Recommended: GEOG-BIOL-ERSC 2080H.

Cross-listed: BIOL-4330H

The science of restoring and rehabilitating ecosystems. Principles, applications, and practical case studies are covered. No regular field or laboratory work is scheduled but some required field site visits are planned. Field trip fee: 20. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including ERSC-BIOL 2260H or ERSC 2240H or 2210H or both ERST-CAST 2520H and 2525H.

Examines conventional and emerging techniques used to reclaim and remediate degraded sites. Canadian cases are used to illustrate the relationship between principles of science, management, and policy. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including two of ERSC 2230H, 2240H, ERST-CAST 2520H, ERSC-BIOL 2260H.

Integrated ecosystems management is the focus of this course. It deals, first, with the methodological and practical aspects of watershed assessment, planning, decision-making, and management. Then, it examines comparatively the management of watersheds in the developing world, introducing students to strategies for planning and managing watersheds through case studies. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including ERSC 2210H or 2240H or ERSC-BIOL 2260H or both ERST-CAST 2520H and 2525H or GEOG 2540H and one of 2560H or 3520H.

Cross-listed: GEOG-4640H

Students examine the fundamental concepts of scientific research, including the role of research in managing environmental issues. A range of topics will be covered through guest seminars, group discussions, and an individual research project. In the project, students evaluate the scientific literature on an emerging environmental issue of their choosing. Prerequisite: Two 3000-level ERSC courses and a minimum cumulative average of 75% in ERSC/ERST courses. Excludes ERSC 4702Y.

Cross-listed: GEOG-4703H, WASC-4703H

Facilitates a critical examination of historical and contemporary issues in Indigenous peoples' health with a particular emphasis on the relation to land and other dynamic environments as a determinant of health status by students. It provides a basic foundation in understanding the key determinants of health for Indigenous peoples in Canada and around the world. Prerequisite: ERSC/ERST-INDG 3731H (or 3730Y) or permission of the instructor

Cross-listed: INDG-4740Y, ERST-4740Y, NURS-4740Y, IESS-4740Y

Institutional approaches to sustaining the natural, naturalized, and cultivated environment and their uses at Trent University are investigated through applied field research projects. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including ERSC 2240H or ERST-GEOG 2510H.

Students are placed in research projects with community organizations in the Peterborough or Haliburton area. Each placement is supervised jointly by a faculty member and a representative of a community organization. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits and a minimum cumulative average of 75%. For details see Community-Based Research Program (p. 265).

Students are placed in research projects with community organizations in the Peterborough or Haliburton area. Each placement is supervised jointly by a faculty member and a representative of a community organization. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits and a minimum cumulative average of 75%. For details see Community-Based Research Program (p. 265).

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75% in ERSC/ERST courses. Written permission must be obtained from supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75% in ERSC/ERST courses. Written permission must be obtained from supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

An opportunity for students to take a non-university-credit field course offered by an external provider, then return to Trent and, for credit, write one or more reports on research that they undertook during the field course. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75% in ERSC/ERST courses; or permission of the TSE director.

Design, implementation, and dissemination of a major research project in environmental science or studies featuring independent work under the supervision of a faculty supervisor. ERSC/ERST 4020D is a double credit in ERSC/ERST. ERSC/ERST 4010Y is a single credit because the same thesis is submitted to the other program in a joint-major. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75%. Students must find a faculty member who is agreeable to supervise their project. Applications are available from the TSE office, and should be submitted in the academic year before enrolment in the course.

Design, implementation, and dissemination of a major research project in environmental science or studies featuring independent work under the supervision of a faculty supervisor. ERSC/ERST 4020D is a double credit in ERSC/ERST. ERSC/ERST 4010Y is a single credit because the same thesis is submitted to the other program in a joint-major. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75%. Students must find a faculty member who is agreeable to supervise their project. Applications are available from the TSE office, and should be submitted in the academic year before enrolment in the course.

An interdisciplinary inquiry into social, political, institutional, and technical change as it relates to climate and energy policy. Themes for inquiry include policy and technology innovation and low-carbon energy transitions. Efforts are made to translate theory into practical action and intervention through community-based study.

Cross-listed: GEOG-4140H

This course analyzes the relationship between fossil capitalism and development in Canada and abroad, including the ongoing violation of human, Indigenous, and environmental rights. During the second term we explore radical visions from scholars and activists to build post-carbon futures. Students work cooperatively in groups to build climate activism locally. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits including 2.0 IDST credits or permission of the instructor.

Cross-listed: IDST-4150Y

Provides students with a practical and detailed examination of the enactment, enforcement, and limitations of environmental law and policy. The course emphasizes Ontario's environmental regime and focuses on a recent case study. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including ERST 3250H or permission of instructor.

Cross-listed: FRSC-4250H

Focuses on perspectives, actors, institutions, and economic relationships as they relate to global environmental policy and instruments. The aim is to provide students with a solid understanding of linkages between the global political system and the natural environment. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits. Recommended: One of ERST-IDST-POST 3602H or 3603H (or 3601Y) or POST 2200Y.

Cross-listed: SAFS-4610H, IDST-4610H, POST-4610H

Examines how and why our environment and our relationship with it have changed over time. Topics include how to do environmental history, shifts in ideas about natural resources and wilderness, the history of the Trent and Peterborough environments, the urban environment (particularly Toronto), and the history of environmental science and environmental politics. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits.

Cross-listed: HIST-4670H, CAST-4670H

A research colloquium course that gives students an opportunity to examine concepts of sustainability, select their own research area, and develop a model for a "sustainable" community. Provides insight into Indigenous understandings and environmental impacts, and encourages a multidisciplinary approach to resolving issues. 10.0 university credits including INDG 1001H or both ERSC 1010H and 1020H, or permission of the instructor. INDG-ERSC/T 3730Y is highly recommended.

Cross-listed: INDG-4730Y, IESS-4730Y

Facilitates a critical examination of historical and contemporary issues in Indigenous peoples' health with a particular emphasis on the relation to land and other dynamic environments as a determinant of health status by students. It provides a basic foundation in understanding the key determinants of health for Indigenous peoples in Canada and around the world. Prerequisite: ERSC/ERST-INDG 3731H (or 3730Y) or permission of the instructor

Cross-listed: INDG-4740Y, NURS-4740Y, IESS-4740Y, ERSC-4740Y

Institutional approaches to sustaining the Trent University environment through management of the human-designed systems and infrastructure and their uses are investigated through applied research projects. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including ERSC 2240H or ERST-GEOG 2510H.

An opportunity for self-directed research through the re-examination of Indigenous environmental knowledge and traditions. Provides an in-depth engagement with various Indigenous cultural teachings and experiences Students select specific research issues with a focus on applying cultural knowledge to better understand and propose solutions to the issues identified and researched. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits including IESS 1001H and 2601Y.

Cross-listed: IESS-4805H, INDG-4805H

Students are placed in research projects with community organizations in the Peterborough or Haliburton area. Each placement is supervised jointly by a faculty member and a representative of a community organization. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits and a minimum cumulative average of 75%. For details see Community-Based Research Program (p. 265).

Students are placed in research projects with community organizations in the Peterborough or Haliburton area. Each placement is supervised jointly by a faculty member and a representative of a community organization. Prerequisite: 10.0 university credits and a minimum cumulative average of 75%. For details see Community-Based Research Program (p. 265).

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75% in ERSC/ERST courses. Written permission must be obtained from supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

A research course on a specific topic. Only open to Environmental & Resource Science/Studies majors or joint-majors. Prerequisite: 14.0 university credits and a minimum average of 75% in ERSC/ERST courses. Written permission must be obtained from supervising instructor and the TSE director before registration.

This course examines debates and issues involved in understanding environmental problems from a gender and justice perspective. Students are introduced to environmental justice issues and concepts, feminist approaches and critiques, and explorations of emerging discourses making links between justice, sustainability, and issues like climate change. Prerequisite: 8.0 university credits including 1.0 WMST or ERST credit at the 3000 level, or permission of instructor. Excludes WMST - ERST 499H.

Cross-listed: GESO-4990H