Series 86-026 - Canada. 1891 Victoria, Peterborough, Northumberland and Durham Counties Census

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Title proper

Canada. 1891 Victoria, Peterborough, Northumberland and Durham Counties Census

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    Series

    Reference code

    86-026

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    Statement of scale (cartographic)

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    Dates of creation area

    Date(s)

    • 1986 (Reproduction)
      Note
      Microfilming
    • 1891 (Creation)
      Creator
      Canada. Census.

    Physical description area

    Physical description

    8 microfilm reels

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    Administrative history

    Census taking in Canada was divided into enumeration districts which were usually located around cities and counties. The districts were divided in sub-districts which were usually located around towns, townships and city wards. Villages, small towns, parishes and seigneuries were generally enumerated as part of the township in which they were located. Census and county boundaries did not always coincide since boundaries and town names changed or disappeared. The first census in Canada was undertaken in 1666 by Intendant Jean Talon. Census taking was not required until it was put into the Constitution in 1867. Before 1867 census taking was sketchy and it was not until 1851 that it became established as a way of assessing population and colonial needs for the government. (Taken from: "Census Returns, 1666-1891." Public Archives, Canada, 1987.)

    In 1792, the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham were officially created in a proclamation made by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. The proclamation divided Upper Canada into 19 Counties for representation purposes. The United Counties are bounded by Lake Ontario in the south, Hasting County in the east, Ontario County in the west and Peterborough and Victoria Counties in the north. The town line between Hope and Hamilton Townships divide the two counties. Durham County consists of the Townships of Cartwright, Manvers, Cavan, Darlington, Clarke and Hope. Northumberland County consists of South Monaghan, Hamilton, Haldimand, Alnwick, Percy, Cramahe, Seymour, Brighton and Murray Townships. (Taken from: "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Northumberland and Durham Counties, Ontario." Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Limited, 1972.) The land which is now Peterborough County was originally part of Newcastle District before 1841, and the Colbourne District until 1850, the year when districts were replaced by counties in Upper Canada. At this time the United Counties of Peterborough and Victoria was created. In 1861, Victoria County was given independence from Peterborough. Peterbourgh County is made up of the following townships: Galway, Cavendish, Anstruther, Chandos, Harvey, Burleigh, Methuen, Ennismore, Smith, Douro, Dummer, Belmont, North Monaghan, Otonabee, and Asphodel. (taken from "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Peterborough County 1825-1875." Peterborough: The Peterborough Historical Atlas Foundation Inc., 1975.) Victoria County, formally established in 1860, is comprised of the Townships of Bexley, Carden, Dalton, Eldon, Emily, Fenelon, Laxton, Digby, Longford, Manvers, Mariposa, Ops, Somerville, and Verulam. The town of Lindsay in Ops Township is the county seat. The County is bordered in the north by the Muskoka District, in the east by Haliburton and Peterborough Counties, in the south by Lake Scugog and the Regional Municipality of Durham, and in the west by Durham and Simcoe Counties. It is 2,169 km square in area. The land in Victoria County was first opened for settlement in 1821 and the first settlers were mainly Irish, both Protestant and Catholic, and Scottish Presbyterians. By 1880, lumbering was firmly established as the main industry in the county. Quickly the region was stripped of its forests, and it was not until the 1920's that an interest in reforestation developed. Today, Victoria County is a prime grain producing region. As well, chemical industries and tourism make up the present day economic picture of the county. (Taken from: Mika, Nick and Helma. "Places in Ontario, Part III." Belleville: Mika Publishing Company, 1983.) Hastings County was proclaimed the 11th county of Upper Canada in 1792. The second largest county in Ontario, it includes nineteen municipal townships: Bangor, Wicklow and McClure, Carlow, Dungannon, Elzevir and Grimsthorpe, Faraday, Hershal, Hungerford, Huntingdon, Limerick, Madoc, Marmora and Lake, Mayo; Monteagle, Rawdon, Sidney, Thurlow, Tudor and Cashel, Tyendinaga, and Wollaston. Hastings was named after a military leader who had fought in the American Revolution, Francis Rawdon-Hastings (1754-1826). His family name was taken from the town of Hastings in Sussex, England. Until 1849 Hastings County was called the Victoria District. This was changed at that time by the Baldwin Act which replaced district councils with county councils. The first major industry in Hastings County was agriculture, and this was well-established by 1860, with Belleville having the largest saw mills west of Ottawa. Around this time, mining became an important attraction for new settlers, with the extraction of gold at Eldorado, Deloro, Gilmour, and Cordova. Once the Grand Trunk Railway began making stops in Belleville in 1856, the economy of the county improved immensely. Today tourism, lumbering and mining are the major industries of the county. (Taken from: Mika, Nick and Helma. "Places on Ontario, Part II." Belleville: Mika Publishing Company, 1981.)

    Custodial history

    Scope and content

    Series consists of census records for Victoria, Peterborough, Northumberland and Durham Counties from 1891.

    Notes area

    Physical condition

    Immediate source of acquisition

    These records were microfilmed by the National Archives of Canada (now Library and Archives Canada) and purchased from them by the Trent University Archives.

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        Location of originals

        Originals are at Library and Archives Canada

        Availability of other formats

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        Finding aids

        Associated materials

        For related records, see other census records in this collection. Associated materials located at the National Archives of Canada, Ottawa and the Archives of Ontario, Toronto.

        Related materials

        Accruals

        General note

        Located in the Microform Reading Room.

        Microfilm. Set 43.

        1891 Census

        Reel 1 (P.A.C. film #T-6332):

        Durham (East) & (West)
        Dundas
        Winchester
        Winchester (Village)
        Durham (East)
        Cavan
        Hope
        Manvers
        Millbrook (Village)
        Port Hope (Town)
        Durham (West)
        Bowmanville (Town)
        Cartwright
        Clarke

        Reel 2 P.A.C. film #T-6333):

        Elgin (East) & (West)
        Durham (West)
        Darlington
        Newcastle (Village)
        Elgin (East)
        Aylmer (Town)
        Bayham
        Malahide
        Port Stanley (Village)
        St. Thomas (City)
        Vienna (Village)
        Yarmouth
        Elgin (West)
        Aldborough

        Reel 3 (P.A.C. film #T-6356):

        Northumberland (East)
        Norfolk (North)
        Waterford (Village)
        Windham
        Norfolk (South)
        Charlotteville
        Houghton
        Port Dover (Village)
        Port Rowan (Village)
        Simcoe (Town)
        Walsingham
        Woodhouse
        Northumberland (East)
        Brighton
        Brighton (Village)
        Campbellford (Village)
        Colborne (Village)
        Cramahe
        Hastings (Village)
        Murray

        Reel 4 (P.A.C. film #T-6357):

        Ontario (North)
        Northumberland (East)
        Murray
        Percy
        Seymour
        Northumberland (West)
        Alnwick
        Cobourg (Town)
        Haldimand
        Hamilton
        Ontario (North)
        Beaverton (Village)
        Bracebridge (Village)
        Brock
        Cannington (Village)
        Draper
        Macaulay
        Maclean
        Mara
        Morrison
        Oakley

        Reel 5 (P.A.C. film #T-6363):

        Peterborough (East) & (West)
        Perth (South)
        Hibbert
        Mitchell (Town)
        St. Mary's (Town)
        Usborne
        Peterborough (East)
        Ashburnham (Village)
        Asphodel
        Belmont
        Burleigh
        Anstruther
        Chandos
        Cardiff
        Cavendish
        Douro
        Dummer
        Glamorgan
        Harcourt
        Dudley
        Dysart
        Guilford
        Harburn
        Bruton
        Clyde
        Eyre
        Havelock
        Livingstone
        Lawrence
        Nightingale
        Harvey
        Lakefield (Village)
        Methuen
        Monmouth
        Norwood (Village)
        Otonabee
        Peterborough (West)
        Ennismore
        Monaghan (North)
        Monaghan (South)
        Peterborough (Town)

        Reel 6 (P.A.C. film #T-6364):

        Prescott; Prince Edward
        Peterborough (West)
        Peterborough (Town)
        Smith
        Prescott
        Alfred
        Caledonia
        Hawkesbury (East)
        Hawkesbury (West)
        Hawkesbury (Village)
        Longueuil
        L'Orignal (Village)
        Plantagenet (North)
        Plantagenet (South)
        Prince Edward
        Ameliasburgh
        Athol

        Reel 7 (P.A.C. film #T-6373):

        Victoria (North) & (South)
        Toronto (City)
        St. Stephen's (Ward)
        St. Mark's (Ward)
        St. Thomas (Ward)
        Victoria (North)
        Anson
        Hindon
        Bexley
        Carden
        Dalton
        Eldon
        Fenelon
        Fenelon Falls (Village)
        Galway
        Laxton
        Digby
        Longford
        Lutterworth
        Minden
        Snowden
        Stanhope
        Sherborne
        McClintock
        Somerville
        Woodville (Village)
        Victoria (South)
        Bobcaygeon (Village)
        Emily

        Reel 8 (P.A.C. film #T-6374):

        Waterloo (North)
        Victoria (South)
        Emily
        Lindsay (Town)
        Mariposa
        Omemee (Village)
        Ops
        Verulam
        Waterloo (North)
        Berlin (Town)
        Elmira (Village)
        Waterloo (North)
        Waterloo (Town)
        Wellesly

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